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© 2010-2015 American Porphyria Foundation. About Porphyria, Types of Porphyria. Available online at http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/about-porphyria. Accessed May 2016.

(2015) National Organization for Rare Disorders. Porphyria. Available online at http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/porphyria/. Accessed May 2016.

(Updated February 2014) National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Porphyria. Available online at http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/porphyria/index.aspx. Accessed May 2016.

(Updated 1/27/2015) Chen Y. Porphyrins – urine. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003614.htm. Accessed May 2016.

Schreiber WE. Iron, porphyrin and bilirubin metabolism. In: Clinical Chemistry: Theory, Analysis and Correlation, 4th Ed (LA Kaplan, AJ Pesce, SC Kazmierczak, Eds), CV Mosby, St. Louis, 2003, pp. 657-674.

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(2003 March) Porphyria. NIH Publication No. 03-4632, National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). Available online at http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/porphyria/index.htm.

(© 2004) Porphyria Overview. American Porphyria Foundation. Available online at http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/about_por/overview/index.php.

(© 2004) Testing. American Porphyria Foundation. Available online at http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/about_por/testing/index.php.

(© 2004). Three articles [see below]. American Porphyria Foundation, For Physicians. Available online through http://www.porphyriafoundation.com:
AIP, HCP, VP, & ADP, Diagnosis.
http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/for_physicians/aip/aip02.html
EPP.
http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/for_physicians/epp/epp02.html
PCT.
http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/for_physicians/pct/pct04.html

Cohen, E. (2003 June 5, Update). Porphyria. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Available online: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001208.htm.

(© 1995-2004) Porphyrias, Introduction. The Merck Manual 2nd Home Edition, Section 12. Disorders of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chapter 160. Available online at http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual_home2/sec12/ch160/ch160a.jsp.

(© 1995-2004). Chapter 14. The Porphyrias. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Section 2. Endocrine And Metabolic Disorders. Available online at http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section2/chapter14/14a.jsp.

(© 2004). Six articles [see below]. ARUP's Guide to Clinical Laboratory Testing. Available online through http://www.aruplab.com
Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA), Urine.
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_al48.jsp#1141880
Porphobilinogen (PBG) Deaminase, Erythrocyte.
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_146b.jsp#1144972
Porphobilinogen (PBG), Urine.
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_147b.jsp#1144990
Porphyrins, Urine.
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_150b.jsp#1145094
Porphyrins, Fecal.
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_149b.jsp#1145074
Porphyrins, Blood and Serum.
http://www.aruplab.com/guides/clt/tests/clt_148b.jsp#1145040

Pagana, Kathleen D. & Pagana, Timothy J. (© 2007). Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 8th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 744-745.

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Wu, A. (2006). Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests, Fourth Edition. Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, Missouri. Pp 874-879.

Levin, M. (2007 March 8, Updated). Porphyrins urine. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003614.htm. Accessed on 4/21/08.

Alexander, D. (2007 May 29, Updated). Porphyrins - Blood. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003372.htm. Accessed on 4/21/08.

Frye, R. and DeLoughery, T. (2007 June 26). Pophyria, Acute. emedicine. Available online at http://www.emedicine.com/ped/TOPIC1870.HTM. Accessed on 4/21/08.

(© 2007). About Porphyria and Why laboratory tests are important for diagnosis of porphyrias. American Porphyria Foundation. Available online at http://www.porphyriafoundation.com/about_por/index.php. Accessed on 4/20/08.

Frank, E. and Leiferman, K. (Updated 2011 June). Porphyrias. ARUP Consult [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.arupconsult.com/Topics/Porphyrias.html?client_ID=LTD. Accessed October 2011.

Mir, M. and Logue, G. (Updated 2009 October 1). Porphyria Overview. Medscape Reference [On-line information]. Available online at http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1389981-overview. Accessed October 2011.

Dugdale, D. (2011 February 28). Porphyrins – blood. Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003372.htm. Accessed October 2011.

Dugdale, D. (2011 February 28). Porphyrins – urine. Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003614.htm. Accessed October 2011.

Thunell, S. (Updated 2008 August). Overview of Porphyrias, Acute Porphyrias, Cutaneous Porphyrias. Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals [On-line information]. Available online through http://www.merckmanuals.com. Accessed October 2011.

(© 1995–2011). Unit Code 81052: Porphyrins Profile. Mayo Clinic Mayo Medical Laboratories [On-line information]. Available online at http://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Overview/81052. Accessed October 2011.

(Reviewed 2009 July). Porphyria. Genetics Home Reference [On-line information]. Available online at http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/porphyria. Accessed October 2011.

Pagana, K. D. & Pagana, T. J. (© 2011). Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference 10th Edition: Mosby, Inc., Saint Louis, MO. Pp 767-768.

Harmening D. Clinical Hematology and Fundamentals of Hemostasis, Fifth Edition, F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, 2009, Pp 130-131.

Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL eds (2005). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, McGraw Hill, Pp 2303-2308.

Schreiber WE. Iron and porphyrin metabolism. In: Clinical Chemistry: Theory, Analysis and Correlation, 5th Ed (LA Kaplan, AJ Pesce, Eds), Mosby, St. Louis, 2009, Pp. 755-770.